Fig. 4

Illustration of an intergenic move applied to remove an overcharged breakpoint. The overcharged breakpoint is represented with a grayscale color. On the top (Case 1), the intergenic move \(\tau _{(x,y,z)}^{(i+1,i+1,k+1)}\) is applied to move the excess of nucleotides from the overcharged breakpoint \((\pi _{i},\pi _{i + 1})\) to the breakpoint \((\pi _{k},\pi _{k + 1})\), such that \(i < k\). Similarly, at the bottom (Case 2), the intergenic move \(\tau _{(x,y,z)}^{(k+1,i+1,i+1)}\) is applied but \(i > k\)